胰島素是由胰島β細(xì)胞受內(nèi)源性或外源性物質(zhì)如葡萄糖、乳糖、核糖、精氨酸、胰高血糖素等的刺激而分泌的一種蛋白質(zhì)激素。胰島素是機(jī)體內(nèi)*降低血糖的激素，也是*同時(shí)促進(jìn)糖原、脂肪、蛋白質(zhì)合成的激素。

胰島素能促進(jìn)全身組織對(duì)葡萄糖的攝取和利用，并抑制糖原的分解和糖原異生,因此，胰島素有降低血糖的作用。胰島素分泌過多時(shí)，血糖下降迅速，腦組織受影響zui大，可出現(xiàn)驚厥、昏迷，甚至引起胰島素休克。相反，胰島素分泌不足或胰島素受體缺乏常導(dǎo)致血糖升高；若超過腎糖閾，則糖從尿中排出，引起糖尿；同時(shí)由于血液成份中改變(含有過量的葡萄糖), 亦導(dǎo)致高血壓、冠心病和視網(wǎng)膜血管病等病變。胰島素降血糖是多方面作用的結(jié)果。

胰島素能促進(jìn)脂肪的合成與貯存，使血中游離脂肪酸減少，同時(shí)抑制脂肪的分解氧化。胰島素缺乏可造成脂肪代謝紊亂，脂肪貯存減少，分解加強(qiáng)，血脂升高，久之可引起動(dòng)脈硬化，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致心腦血管的嚴(yán)重疾患；與此同時(shí)，由于脂肪分解加強(qiáng)，生成大量酮體，出現(xiàn)酮癥酸中毒。

胰島素一方面促進(jìn)細(xì)胞對(duì)氨基酸的攝取和蛋白質(zhì)的合成，一方面抑制蛋白質(zhì)的分解，因而有利于生長(zhǎng)，腺垂體生長(zhǎng)激素的促蛋白質(zhì)合成作用，必須有胰島素的存在才能表現(xiàn)出來。因此，對(duì)于生長(zhǎng)來說，胰島素也是*的激素之一。

參考文獻(xiàn)：
1. Flier, J. S., Kahn. C. R. and Roth, J. (1979). Receptors, antireceptor antibodies and mechanisms
of insulin resistance; N. Engl. J. Med., 300, 8, 413-419.
2. Frier, B. M., Ashby, J. P., Nairn, I. M. and Bairs, J.D. (1981). Plasma insulin, C-peptide and
glucagon concentrations in patients with insulin-independent diabetes treated with chlorpropamide.
Diab. metab., 7,1, 45-49.
3. Judzewitsch, R. G., Pfeifer, M. A., Best, J. D., Beard J. C., Halter, J. B. and Porte D. Jr. (1982).
Chronic Chlorpropamide therapy of non-insulin-dependent diabetes augments basal and stimulated
insulin secretion by increasing islet sensitivity to glucose. J. Clin. End. and Metab. 55, 2, 321-328.
4. Kosaka, K., Hagura, R. and Kuzuya, T. (1977). Insulin responses in equivocal and definite
diabetes, with special reference to subjects who had mild glucose intolerance but later developed
definite diabetes. Diabetes 26, 10, 944-952.
5. Starr, J. Il, Mako, M. E., Juhn, D. and Rubenstein, A. H. (1978). Measurement of serum proinsulinlike
material:cross-reactivity of porcine and human proinsulin in the insulin radioimmunoassay, J. Lab.
Clin. Med. 91,4, 691-692.

產(chǎn)品目錄：

Insulin (Bovine) Elisa
Insulin (Feline) Elisa                                    Insulin (Porcine) Elisa
Insulin (Equine) Elisa
Insulin (ovine) Elisa
Proinsulin total (human)
Insulin (rat/mouse)
Insulin rat high range ELISA
Insulin anti- Elisa
Insulin (mouse) ultrasensitive EIA
Insulin (mouse) EIA
Insulin (rat) ultrasensitive, ELISA
Insulin (human)
Insulin Ultra-Sensitive
Insulin Iso ELISA
Insulin (rat)
Insulin (human)
IAA (Insulin Autoantibody)
Proinsulin intact (Control sera
lyophilized 2 levels, 2 x 1 ml included)
Insulin (porcine) high range Elisa

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